Appendix Table 10 Key variables means and concentration indices, annual measures and differences testing for households with healthcare needs or consumption. Source: authors calculations

Excessive financial burden from healthcare (EFB) incidence in the last 30 days

 At 10% of consumption, excluding out-of-pocket expenditure

Percentage of HHs

Mean

22.90%**

25.33%**

31.51%**

2.44%**

6.18%**

8.61%**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.037**)

(-0.112**)

(-0.148**)

(-0.075**)

(-0.036*)

(-0.111**)

 At 25% of consumption, excluding out-of-pocket expenditure

Percentage of HHs

Mean

9.23%**

10.00%**

12.82%**

0.77%#

2.81%**

3.58%**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.020**)

(-0.056**)

(-0.089**)

(-0.036**)

(-0.033**)

(-0.069**)

Consumption

 Consumption excl. out-of-pocket health expenditure (EXP)

INT$(2011)

Mean

725.48**

984.77**

1,461.34**

259.29**

476.57**

735.86**

Median

542.78**

802.50**

1,169.30**

259.72**

366.80**

626.52**

(Conc.Index)

(0.298**)

(0.249**)

(0.269**)

(-0.048**)

(0.019)

(-0.029)

Out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOPHE)

 OOPHE as a percentage of EXP

Percent of EXP

Mean

10.61%**

11.72%**

13.49%**

1.11%*

1.77%**

2.88%**

Median

2.77%

3.20%

4.53%

0.43%

1.33%

1.76%

 Out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOPHE), excluding transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

63.77**

103.23**

161.47**

39.46**

58.24**

97.70**

Median

15.61

27.14

55.65

11.54

28.50

40.04

(Conc.Index)

(0.163**)

(0.122*)

(0.126**)

(-0.042#)

(0.005)

(-0.037)

 Out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOPHE), including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

71.23**

114.89**

176.36**

43.66**

61.47**

105.13**

Median

19.00

33.93

67.86

14.93

33.93

48.86

(Conc.Index)

(0.163**)

(0.118*)

(0.128**)

(-0.045*)

(0.010)

(-0.036)

OOPHE by financing source

 Income-financed OOPHE, including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

62.30**

117.67**

55.37**

Median

10.18

30.54

20.36

(Conc.Index)

(0.170**)

(0.196**)

(0.026)

 Savings-financed OOPHE, including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

25.83**

40.05**

14.22**

Median

0.00

0.00

0.00

(Conc.Index)

(0.093)

(0.068)

(-0.025)

 Borrowing-financed OOPHE, including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

17.68**

10.67**

-7.01

Median

0.00

0.00

0.00

(Conc.Index)

(-0.023)

(-0.204**)

(-0.181)

 Selling-assets- and-production-financed OOPHE, including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

5.68**

3.31**

-2.36

Median

0.00

0.00

0.00

(Conc.Index)

(0.003)

(0.010)

(0.006)

 Other-and-unreported-financed OOPHE, including transportation

INT$(2011)

Mean

3.41**

4.66**

1.25

Median

0.00

0.00

0.00

(Conc.Index)

(0.287)

(-0.248*)

(-0.535*)

Social health protection coverage and free healthcare

 HEF or Priority Access Card holding

Percentage of HHs

Mean

1.95%**

12.82%**

12.07%**

10.87%**

-0.75%

10.12%**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.031**)

(-0.255**)

(-0.231**)

(-0.224**)

(0.024)

(-0.200**)

 Free healthcare in the last 12 months (unspecified)

Percentage of HHs

Mean

5.47%**

11.04%**

12.10%**

5.57%**

1.06%#

6.64%**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.091**)

(-0.205**)

(-0.117**)

(-0.114**)

(0.088**)

(-0.026)

 Free healthcare in the last 12 months (from Health Equity Fund, HEF)

Percentage of HHs

Mean

3.30%**

6.98%**

4.94%**

3.68%**

-2.04%**

1.65%

(Conc.Index)

(-0.057**)

(-0.137**)

(-0.099**)

(-0.080**)

(0.037**)

(-0.042*)

 Free healthcare in the last month (unspecified)

HH members

Mean

0.06**

0.06**

0.08**

0.00

0.02**

0.02**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.085**)

(-0.232**)

(-0.132**)

(-0.147**)

(0.100#)

(-0.047)

Liabilities

 Liabilities (loans), overall, unspecified

INT$(2011)

Mean

703.06**

1,518.35**

6,107.63**

815.29**

4,589.28**

5,404.57**

(Conc.Index)

(0.243**)

(0.323**)

(0.351**)

(0.080)

(0.028*)

(0.109**)

 Liabilities (loans), illness-related

INT$(2011)

Mean

45.54**

89.77**

159.81**

44.23**

70.04*

114.27**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.181)

(-0.031)

(0.007)

(0.151)

(0.037)

(0.188)

Healthcare needs in the last 30 days

 Illness/injury reported

HH members

Mean

1.45**

1.33**

1.28**

-0.13

-0.04**

-0.17

(Conc.Index)

(0.014)

(0.009**)

(0.000**)

(-0.005*)

(-0.009)

(-0.014*)

 Long (chronic—> 1 year) illness

HH members

Mean

0.29**

0.26**

0.40**

-0.03

0.14**

0.10**

(Conc.Index)

(0.064*)

(0.069)

(0.041)

(0.004)

(-0.028)

(-0.023#)

 Non-illness-related care needs

HH members

Mean

0.38**

0.36**

0.52**

-0.03

0.17**

0.14**

(Conc.Index)

(0.033)

(0.034)

(0.100**)

(0.001)

(0.066**)

(0.067)

Healthcare seeking in the last 30 days

 Healthcare visits

Visits

Mean

2.90**

2.34**

2.09**

-0.57**

-0.25

-0.81**

(Conc.Index)

(0.020)

(0.011**)

(0.020*)

(-0.009#)

(0.009)

(0.000)

 Healthcare for illness/injury sought

HH members

Mean

1.15**

1.28**

1.23**

0.14**

-0.05**

0.09**

(Conc.Index)

(0.013)

(0.008**)

(0.001**)

(-0.005#)

(-0.008)

(-0.012*)

 Medical healthcare sought

HH members

Mean

1.09**

1.15**

1.22**

0.05*

0.07**

0.12**

(Conc.Index)

(0.066**)

(0.021*)

(0.016**)

(-0.045**)

(-0.005)

(-0.049**)

 Hospitalizations

HH members

Mean

0.08**

0.11**

0.03**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.026*)

(-0.058**)

(-0.032)

Disease impairment in the last 30 days

 Activity days stopped because of illness/injury

Days

Mean

2.42**

1.59**

1.49**

-0.83**

-0.10

-0.93**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.037*)

(-0.044**)

(-0.099**)

(-0.007)

(-0.055)

(-0.062#)

Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) in the last 30 days

 At 40% of national capacity-to-pay [WHO method]

Percentage of HHs

Mean

10.62%**

9.72%**

13.36%**

-0.90%

3.64%**

2.74%**

(Conc.Index)

(-0.060**)

(-0.077**)

(-0.113**)

(-0.017#)

(-0.036**)

(-0.053**)