Appendix Table 9 Incidence of excessive financial burden by groups and categories [share of all households]. Source: authors calculations

All households

10.95%

12.77%

17.92%

4.41%

5.04%

7.29%

Geographic strata

 Region

  Capital

4.30%

3.30%

7.33%

1.86%

1.26%

2.58%

  Other urban

7.51%

8.92%

16.53%

2.31%

2.97%

6.20%

  Other rural

12.08%

14.71%

20.92%

4.94%

5.89%

8.80%

 Zone

  Phnom Penh

4.30%

3.30%

7.33%

1.86%

1.26%

2.58%

  Plain

13.57%

15.25%

19.65%

5.34%

6.27%

8.11%

  Tonle Sap

9.78%

13.24%

20.06%

4.24%

4.99%

8.18%

  Coastal

9.44%

10.08%

15.78%

3.64%

4.67%

6.48%

  Plateau/Mountain

10.82%

14.18%

20.98%

4.08%

5.11%

8.58%

 Urban/Rural area

  Rural

12.06%

14.53%

20.92%

4.93%

5.82%

8.80%

  Urban

5.88%

6.31%

12.97%

2.05%

2.16%

4.80%

Socio-economic strata

 Wealth quintile

  Poorest

11.42%

16.42%

24.29%

4.76%

6.96%

10.86%

  Second

12.20%

15.60%

21.34%

4.98%

6.24%

9.51%

  Middle

12.41%

14.14%

18.55%

5.12%

5.34%

7.37%

  Fourth

10.66%

10.82%

15.51%

3.93%

4.25%

5.05%

  Wealthiest

8.08%

6.87%

9.90%

3.30%

2.43%

3.65%

Household (HH) structure

 Household size [number of members]

  1–2

12.65%

13.24%

20.46%

5.36%

6.11%

9.17%

  3–4

10.15%

12.28%

16.42%

4.19%

4.90%

6.94%

  5–6

10.37%

12.66%

18.52%

4.10%

4.52%

7.42%

  7 and above

12.91%

14.40%

19.41%

5.00%

5.99%

6.10%

 Other household characteristics

  Married members under 18 years old

No

10.92%

12.80%

17.88%

4.39%

5.05%

7.30%

Yes

14.89%

7.40%

23.04%

7.39%

3.21%

5.37%

  Fully female household

No

10.87%

12.58%

17.63%

4.38%

4.92%

7.10%

Yes

12.53%

15.79%

23.20%

5.10%

7.02%

10.62%

HH head characteristics

 Age group

  13–24

7.19%

11.92%

15.70%

1.45%

4.14%

7.03%

  25–34

8.47%

13.09%

17.97%

3.01%

4.49%

7.84%

  35–44

10.12%

11.22%

15.25%

4.39%

4.63%

6.15%

  45–54

10.23%

10.20%

16.00%

3.87%

4.53%

6.88%

  55–65

12.62%

13.16%

19.22%

5.06%

5.39%

7.10%

  65 and above

18.30%

19.63%

23.71%

8.58%

7.27%

9.52%

 Education level

  No class

12.52%

15.40%

23.63%

5.20%

6.09%

9.40%

  Primary partial

11.67%

14.40%

19.97%

5.09%

5.47%

8.77%

  Primary complete

10.55%

12.92%

16.89%

3.30%

6.75%

6.79%

  Secondary lower partial

9.88%

10.50%

15.51%

3.51%

4.35%

5.30%

  Secondary lower completed

5.54%

11.04%

14.89%

2.01%

2.45%

5.02%

  Secondary upper partial

7.31%

7.02%

12.38%

3.25%

2.39%

5.81%

  Secondary upper completed

6.94%

7.00%

7.77%

3.52%

2.15%

2.57%

  Higher level

5.54%

5.57%

3.99%

0.82%

1.35%

1.19%

 Ethnicity

  Khmer

11.18%

12.68%

17.82%

4.56%

5.04%

7.32%

  Cham

5.51%

13.63%

22.80%

1.01%

2.18%

8.25%

  Other

5.95%

16.72%

17.51%

1.06%

8.52%

4.86%

 Marital status

  Married/in cohabitation

11.03%

12.42%

17.69%

4.46%

4.91%

7.24%

  Divorced/Separated

9.04%

16.76%

14.16%

3.19%

5.83%

7.81%

  Widowed

11.51%

13.63%

20.14%

4.60%

5.42%

7.79%

  Never married or in partnership

6.12%

13.72%

12.29%

3.13%

5.82%

4.09%

 Gender

  Female

10.88%

13.96%

19.36%

4.28%

5.73%

7.69%

  Male

10.97%

12.43%

17.52%

4.45%

4.84%

7.18%

  Disabled

No

9.27%

11.88%

16.70%

3.56%

4.69%

6.73%

Yes

21.15%

23.02%

29.42%

9.58%

9.10%

12.56%

  Handicapped

No

16.75%

6.75%

Yes

30.12%

12.91%

Water and sanitation

 Access to improved water

No

11.87%

14.28%

20.96%

4.79%

5.47%

9.49%

Yes

9.84%

11.41%

17.14%

3.96%

4.65%

6.73%

 Access to improved sanitation

No

12.17%

15.08%

22.90%

4.95%

6.33%

9.91%

Yes

8.75%

11.08%

16.70%

3.45%

4.09%

6.65%

Social health protection coverage (card holding)

 Health Equity Fund (HEF) or Priority Access Card

No

10.90%

11.98%

17.53%

4.42%

4.68%

7.07%

Yes

13.90%

19.65%

21.27%

4.26%

8.20%

9.17%

 National Social Security Fund (NSSF)

No

18.09%

7.53%

Yes

16.95%

5.90%

Free healthcare

 Free healthcare in the last 12 months

No

10.95%

12.31%

17.59%

4.47%

4.85%

7.18%

Yes

10.80%

17.87%

21.00%

3.34%

7.13%

8.34%

 HEF free healthcare in the last 12 months

No

10.97%

12.54%

17.74%

4.46%

5.06%

7.17%

Yes

10.25%

16.79%

22.66%

3.05%

4.77%

10.36%

 Local poor list healthcare in last 12 months

No

10.91%

12.49%

17.80%

4.42%

4.85%

7.25%

Yes

12.35%

19.18%

22.36%

4.06%

9.48%

8.64%

 NSSF free healthcare in the last 12 months

No

17.87%

7.30%

Yes

19.04%

7.01%

 Other free healthcare in the last 12 months

No

10.95%

12.79%

17.86%

4.41%

5.00%

7.27%

Yes

10.91%

11.56%

25.93%

4.74%

7.62%

10.28%

 Reported free care excl. transportation in the last 30 days [OOPHE = 0]

No

11.02%

12.87%

18.32%

4.45%

5.07%

7.46%

Yes

7.87%

9.17%

7.70%

2.78%

4.17%

2.85%

Vulnerability

 Accidents in last 12 months

No

11.27%

12.64%

17.76%

4.32%

4.91%

7.22%

Yes

10.79%

18.52%

21.52%

4.46%

11.08%

8.84%

 Disability/impairment prevalent

No

8.21%

11.28%

15.53%

3.06%

4.43%

6.16%

Yes

19.94%

21.56%

29.65%

8.87%

8.65%

12.81%

 Handicap prevalent

No

15.68%

6.22%

Yes

29.88%

12.98%

Liabilities

 Indebted (unspecified reason)

No

9.22%

10.08%

16.41%

3.67%

3.62%

6.65%

Yes

13.77%

18.61%

20.78%

5.63%

8.13%

8.50%

 Indebted because of illness

No

10.31%

11.87%

17.47%

3.92%

4.34%

6.92%

Yes

27.01%

49.13%

44.64%

16.78%

33.47%

29.00%

Disease prevalence in the last 30 days

No

 Health needs or consumption reported

No

Yes

22.90%

25.33%

31.51%

9.23%

10.00%

12.82%

 Illness or injure

No

0.44%

0.11%

0.31%

0.06%

0.06%

0.15%

Yes

23.92%

25.60%

32.24%

9.80%

10.09%

13.10%

 Long illness (> 1 year)

No

7.43%

8.91%

12.68%

2.77%

3.43%

5.17%

Yes

37.10%

41.53%

39.14%

16.60%

17.03%

15.87%

 Non-illness-related care needs

No

8.99%

9.82%

13.62%

3.61%

3.94%

5.63%

Yes

23.04%

30.16%

31.63%

9.38%

11.53%

12.57%

 Ante- & postnatal care, delivery

No

10.56%

12.49%

17.77%

4.26%

4.87%

7.24%

Yes

24.71%

31.17%

23.34%

9.82%

16.24%

9.03%

 Prevention (Vit A, deworming, immunization & health checks)

No

10.85%

10.57%

14.02%

4.37%

4.30%

5.78%

Yes

16.52%

30.79%

32.38%

6.84%

11.12%

12.87%

 Other healthcare (non-illness or injury-related)

No

9.52%

12.39%

17.78%

3.83%

4.88%

7.25%

Yes

23.69%

27.82%

38.91%

9.61%

11.43%

13.92%

 Health condition

No

0.44%

0.11%

0.31%

0.06%

0.06%

0.15%

Yes

23.92%

25.60%

32.24%

9.80%

10.09%

13.10%

 Infectious diseases (any)

No

10.95%

11.08%

10.32%

4.41%

4.94%

4.17%

Yes

16.31%

30.40%

5.26%

12.40%

 Respiratory infectious diseases

No

13.23%

17.29%

5.35%

7.08%

Yes

10.82%

30.20%

3.74%

11.26%

 Other infectious diseases

No

10.75%

11.30%

4.63%

4.50%

Yes

23.02%

30.89%

7.15%

12.75%

Chronic diseases

 Neoplasms

No

17.52%

7.11%

Yes

57.37%

24.57%

 Endocrine, metabolic, and digestive diseases

No

16.15%

6.40%

Yes

46.01%

21.33%

 Circular system diseases

No

15.85%

6.54%

Yes

34.55%

13.32%

 Other chronic diseases

No

17.54%

7.12%

Yes

32.12%

13.41%

 Other or undiagnosed diseases

No

0.44%

5.28%

17.72%

0.06%

1.57%

7.20%

Yes

23.92%

42.51%

39.88%

9.80%

18.83%

16.96%

 Injuries & trauma

No

12.66%

17.50%

4.94%

7.06%

Yes

62.71%

47.47%

50.87%

23.17%

Disease impairment in the last 30 days

 HH members stopping of activities (any)

No

7.42%

10.30%

14.55%

2.47%

3.51%

5.32%

Yes

52.97%

57.16%

62.07%

27.65%

32.55%

33.12%

 HH members stopping activities without hospitalization

No

7.42%

11.43%

16.09%

2.47%

4.39%

6.38%

Yes

52.97%

48.59%

54.17%

27.65%

22.51%

25.20%

Healthcare seeking in the last 30 days

 Any healthcare sought

No

Yes

24.18%

25.79%

31.82%

9.75%

10.18%

12.94%

 Healthcare for illness/injury sought

No

2.49%

0.32%

0.95%

0.75%

0.14%

0.44%

Yes

26.34%

26.10%

32.75%

11.09%

10.28%

13.27%

 Medical healthcare sought

No

1.45%

0.33%

0.77%

0.43%

0.15%

0.25%

Yes

28.36%

28.63%

33.46%

11.72%

11.28%

13.66%

 Household members hospitalized

No

10.74%

14.89%

3.66%

5.24%

Yes

65.84%

70.31%

41.13%

42.78%

Excessive financial burden from healthcare (EFB) incidence in the last 30 days

 At 10% of consumption, excluding out-of-pocket expenditure

No

Yes

40.32%

39.48%

40.67%

 At 25% of consumption, excluding out-of-pocket expenditure

No

6.83%

8.14%

11.47%

Yes

Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) in the last 30 days

 At 40% of national capacity-to-pay [WHO method]

No

6.22%

8.28%

11.20%

0.52%

0.79%

1.06%

Yes

99.34%

100.00%

99.69%

77.13%

87.59%

83.07%

Coping strategies

 Coping strategy exhausted between 1–12 months

No

11.72%

17.85%

4.59%

7.24%

Yes

18.78%

31.41%

7.61%

16.41%

 Coping strategy in the last 12 months

No

11.72%

17.63%

4.59%

7.12%

Yes

18.75%

31.98%

7.59%

15.75%

 Coping strategy in the last 30 days

No

12.55%

17.68%

4.93%

7.14%

Yes

19.70%

32.05%

8.62%

16.02%

 Children 6–14 years old out of schooling prevalent

No

10.92%

12.74%

17.89%

4.41%

5.03%

7.31%

Yes

11.52%

13.98%

18.84%

4.51%

5.46%

6.26%

 Children 15–17 years old out of schooling prevalent

No

10.58%

12.72%

17.59%

4.19%

4.95%

7.11%

Yes

13.59%

13.30%

21.89%

6.04%

5.90%

9.41%

Out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE) funding sources in the last 30 days

 Income

No

7.71%

9.30%

3.43%

4.11%

Yes

23.29%

29.35%

8.38%

11.50%

 Savings

No

9.74%

14.14%

4.02%

5.74%

Yes

28.97%

38.35%

10.51%

15.66%

 Borrowing

No

11.71%

16.99%

4.21%

6.58%

Yes

60.86%

74.21%

43.09%

50.02%

 Selling of assets and production

No

12.35%

17.69%

4.71%

7.08%

Yes

61.98%

86.22%

43.82%

71.33%

 Other unreported

No

12.40%

17.48%

4.87%

7.02%

Yes

39.14%

44.67%

17.25%

23.76%