| University students (n, %) |  | High school students (n, %) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | Female | Male | Overall | Female | Male | ||
Total (n = 17633) | (n = 5700) | 3628 (63.6%) | 2072 (36.4%) |  | (n = 11933) | 6186 (51.84%) | 5747 (48.16%) |
Mean age (SD) | 19.95 (1.53) | 19.87 (1.54) | 20.09 (1.52) | Â | 16.17 (1.21) | 16.16 (1.20) | 16.18 (1.23) |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Han | 2600 (45.6%) | 1656 (45.6%) | 944 (45.6%) |  | 11,720 (98.22%) | 6077 (98.24%) | 5643 (98.19%) |
 Others ^ (Tibetan, Hui, etc.) | 3057 (53.6%) | 1409 (53.8%) | 1108 (54.3%) |  | 213 (1.78%) | 109 (1.76%) | 104 (1.81%) |
 Missing | 43 (0.8%) | 23 (0.6%) | 20 (1.0%) |  | - | - | - |
Only-child status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 4250 (74.6%) | 2853 (78.6%) | 1389 (67.4%) |  | 8113 (67.99%) | 4789 (77.42%) | 3324 (57.84%) |
 Yes | 1145 (20.1%) | 618 (17.0%) | 527 (25.4%) |  | 3820 (32.01%) | 1397 (22.58%) | 2423 (42.16%) |
 Missing | 305 (5.3%) | 157 (4.3%) | 148 (7.1%) |  | - | - | - |
Family economy status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Rich | 294 (5.2%) | 169 (4.7%) | 125 (6.0%) |  | 1961 (16.43%) | 986 (15.94%) | 975 (16.97%) |
 General | 4316 (75.7%) | 2826 (77.9%) | 1490 (71.9%) |  | 9064 (75.96%) | 4761 (76.96%) | 4303 (74.87%) |
 Poor | 1009 (17.7%) | 578 (15.9%) | 431 (20.8%) |  | 908 (7.61%) | 439 (7.10%) | 469 (8.16%) |
 Missing | 81 (1.4%) | 55 (1.5%) | 26 (1.3%) |  | - | - | - |
Self-perceived health | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Good | 2587 (45.4%) | 1560 (43.0%) | 1027 (49.6%) |  | 6754 (56.60%) | 3211(51.91%) | 3543 (61.65%) |
 General | 2895 (50.8%) | 1939 (53.4%) | 956 (46.1%) |  | 2898 (24.29%) | 1674 (27.06%) | 1224 (21.30%) |
 Bad | 192 (3.4%) | 114 (3.1%) | 78 (3.8%) |  | 2281 (19.11%) | 1301 (21.03%) | 980 (17.05%) |
 Missing | 26 (0.5%) | 15 (0.4%) | 11 (0.5) |  | - | - | - |
Weekly physical exercise | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Never | 821 (14.4%) | 602 (16.6%) | 219 (10.6%) |  | 607 (5.09%) | 297 (4.80%) | 310 (5.39%) |
 1–2 times | 3146 (55.2%) | 2130 (58.7%) | 1016 (49.0%) |  | 4082 (34.21%) | 2386 (38.57%) | 1696 (29.51%) |
 3–5 times | 992 (17.4%) | 496 (13.7%) | 496 (23.9%) |  | 5365 (44.95%) | 2785 (45.02%) | 2580 (44.89%) |
 > 5 times | 724 (12.8%) | 395 (10.9%) | 333 (16.1%) |  | 1879 (15.75%) | 718 (11.61%) | 1161 (20.21%) |
 Missing | 12 (0.2) | 5 (0.1%) | 8 (0.4%) |  | - | - | - |
Relationship with family | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Good | 4894 (85.9%) | 3132 (86.3%) | 1762 (85.0%) |  | 6348 (53.20%) | 3342 (54.03%) | 3006 (52.31%) |
 General | 706 (12.4%) | 443 (12.2%) | 263 (12.7%) |  | 4363 (36.56%) | 2270 (36.70%) | 2093 (36.42%) |
 Poor | 58 (1.0%) | 32 (0.9%) | 26 (1.3%) |  | 1222 (10.24%) | 574 (9.27%) | 648 (11.27%) |
 Missing | 42 (0.7%) | 21 (0.6%) | 21 (1.0%) |  | - | - | - |
Relationship with teachers | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Good | 2104 (36.9%) | 1279 (35.2%) | 825 (39.8%) |  | 3883 (32.54%) | 1914 (30.94%) | 1969 (34.26%) |
 General | 3450 (60.5%) | 2276 (62.7%) | 1174 (56.7%) |  | 6425 (53.84%) | 3523 (56.95%) | 2902 (50.50%) |
 Poor | 127 (2.2%) | 65 (1.8%) | 62 (3.0%) |  | 1625 (13.62%) | 749 (12.11%) | 876 (15.24%) |
 Missing | 19 (0.3%) | 8 (0.2%) | 11 (5.0%) |  | - | - | - |
Grade | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Freshmen | 2619 (45.9%) | 1745 (48.1%) | 874 (42.2%) |  | - | - | - |
 Others | 3039 (53.4%) | 1860 (51.3%) | 1179 (56.9%) |  | - | - | - |
 Missing | 42 (0.7%) | 23 (0.6%) | 19 (0.9%) |  | - | - | - |
Place of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Non plateau | 965 (16.9%) | 618 (17.0%) | 347 (16.7%) |  | - | - | - |
 Plateau | 4563 (80.1%) | 2914 (80.3%) | 1649 (79.6%) |  | - | - | - |
 Missing | 172 (3.0%) | 96 (2.6%) | 76 (3.7%) |  | - | - | - |
Academic pressure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Low | 320 (5.6%) | 152 (4.2%) | 168 (8.1%) |  | - | - | - |
 Normal | 3600 (63.2%) | 2249 (62.0%) | 1351 (65.2%) |  | - | - | - |
 High | 1772 (31.1%) | 1221 (33.7%) | 551 (26.6%) |  | - | - | - |
 Missing | 8 (0.2%) | 6 (0.2%) | 2 (0.1%) |  | - | - | - |
Relationship with classmates | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Good | 2707 (47.5%) | 1688 (46.5%) | 1019 (49.2%) |  | - | - | - |
 General | 2898 (50.9%) | 1891 (52.1%) | 1007 (48.6%) |  | - | - | - |
 Poor | 86 (1.5%) | 44 (1.2%) | 42 (2.0%) |  | - | - | - |
 Missing | 9 (0.2%) | 5 (0.1%) | 4 (0.2%) |  | - | - | - |
Hopelessness (SD) | 6.27 (3.53) | 6.21 (3.46) | 6.40 (3.67) | Â | - | - | - |
Suicide ideation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 3413 (61.3%) | 2070 (58.2%) | 1343 (66.8%) |  | 7800 (65.36%) | 4059 (65.62%) | 3741 (65.09%) |
 Yes | 2152 (37.7%) | 1485 (41.8%) | 667 (33.2%) |  | 4133 (34.64%) | 2127 (34.38%) | 2006 (34.91%) |
 Missing | 135 | 73 | 62 |  | - | - | - |